配電柜是企業(yè)生產(chǎn)、辦公的供電設(shè)備。它主要分為高壓開關(guān)柜和低壓配電柜。配電柜種類繁多，以下是一些常見的類型：

Switchgear is the power supply equipment for enterprises' production and office. It is mainly divided into high-voltage switchgear and low-voltageswitchgear. There are many types of  switchgear and here are some common types:

按用途分類：

According to the purpose classification:

進(jìn)線柜：主要用于接收來自電網(wǎng)的電能，一般安裝有斷路器、隔離開關(guān)等，對(duì)進(jìn)線電源進(jìn)行控制和保護(hù)。例如在一個(gè)工廠的供電系統(tǒng)中，進(jìn)線柜接收來自變電站的高壓電。

Incoming cabinet: Mainly used to receive power from the power grid, generally equipped with circuit breakers, disconnectors, etc., to control and protect the incoming power supply. For example, in the power supply system of a factory, the incoming cabinet receives high-voltage electricity from the substation.

出線柜：是將經(jīng)過配電柜分配后的電能輸送到各個(gè)用電設(shè)備或支路的柜子。它可以為不同的負(fù)載，如電機(jī)、照明等電路提供合適的電能輸出，內(nèi)部也配備有相應(yīng)的保護(hù)裝置。

Outgoing cabinet: It is the cabinet that transports the power distributed through theswitchgear to various electrical equipment or branches. It can provide suitable power output for different loads, such as motor, lighting and other circuits, and is also equipped with corresponding protection devices inside.

計(jì)量柜：專門用于電能計(jì)量的配電柜。內(nèi)部裝有電度表、互感器等計(jì)量設(shè)備，能夠準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量用戶的用電量，常見于需要精確計(jì)量電能消耗的場(chǎng)所，如商業(yè)寫字樓的配電室。

Metering cabinet: A  switchgear to power metering. It is equipped with watt-hour meters, transformers and other metering equipment inside, which can accurately measure the electricity consumption of users, and is commonly seen in places that require accurate measurement of power consumption, such as the power distribution room of a commercial office building.

補(bǔ)償柜：用于無功補(bǔ)償，提高電網(wǎng)的功率因數(shù)。其內(nèi)部有電容器、電抗器等設(shè)備。當(dāng)電網(wǎng)中的感性負(fù)載較多時(shí)，補(bǔ)償柜可通過投入適當(dāng)?shù)碾娙輥頊p少無功功率的傳輸，降低線路損耗，一般工業(yè)企業(yè)等用電量大且感性負(fù)載多的地方會(huì)使用。

Compensation cabinet: Used for reactive power compensation to improve the power factor of the power grid. It has equipment such as capacitors and reactors inside. When there are more inductive loads in the power grid, the compensation cabinet can reduce the transmission of reactive power by putting in appropriate capacitors, reduce line losses, and is generally used in places with large electricity consumption and more inductive loads, such as industrial enterprises.

按電壓等級(jí)分類：

According to the voltage level classification:

高壓配電柜：通常適用于電壓等級(jí)在3kV及以上的電網(wǎng)。例如10kV的高壓配電柜在城市的配電網(wǎng)中廣泛應(yīng)用于向小區(qū)、工廠等分配電能，內(nèi)部的電氣設(shè)備絕緣要求高，結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)更注重安全距離和滅弧能力。

High-voltageswitchgear: Usually applicable to power grids with a voltage level of 3kV and above. For example, a 10kV high-voltageswitchgear is widely used in urban distribution networks to distribute power to residential areas, factories, etc. The electrical equipment inside has high insulation requirements, and the structural design pays more attention to the safety distance and arc extinguishing ability.

低壓配電柜：電壓等級(jí)一般為0.4kV及以下。常見于建筑物內(nèi)的配電室，為照明、插座、電梯等低壓用電設(shè)備供電，內(nèi)部電器元件相對(duì)緊湊，操作和維護(hù)相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單。

Low-voltageswitchgear: The voltage level is generally 0.4kV and below. Commonly found in the power distribution room of a building, it supplies power to low-voltage electrical equipment such as lighting, sockets, elevators, etc. The internal electrical components are relatively compact, and the operation and maintenance are relatively simple.

按結(jié)構(gòu)形式分類：

According to the structural form classification:

固定式配電柜：其內(nèi)部的電器元件和設(shè)備都是固定安裝的。這種配電柜結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、成本較低，但靈活性較差，后期如果需要對(duì)內(nèi)部電路進(jìn)行改造或擴(kuò)充，操作較為復(fù)雜，常用于對(duì)電氣系統(tǒng)變動(dòng)需求較小的場(chǎng)所。

Fixed  switchgear: The electrical components and equipment inside are fixedly installed. This type ofswitchgear has a simple structure and low cost, but the flexibility is poor. If it is necessary to reform or expand the internal circuit in the later stage, the operation is more complicated, and it is commonly used in places with less demand for changes in the electrical system.

抽屜式配電柜：電器元件安裝在抽屜式的單元中，可以方便地抽出和插入。這種結(jié)構(gòu)方便檢修和維護(hù)，當(dāng)某個(gè)回路出現(xiàn)故障時(shí)，可以快速抽出相應(yīng)抽屜進(jìn)行檢修，而不影響其他回路的正常運(yùn)行，廣泛應(yīng)用于對(duì)供電可靠性和可維護(hù)性要求較高的場(chǎng)所，如醫(yī)院、數(shù)據(jù)中心等。

Drawer-type switchgear: Electrical components are installed in drawer-type units and can be easily pulled out and inserted. This structure is convenient for maintenance and repair. When a circuit fails, the corresponding drawer can be quickly pulled out for maintenance without affecting the normal operation of other circuits. It is widely used in places with high requirements for power supply reliability and maintainability, such as hospitals, data centers, etc.